Learning targets are the foundation of a student-engaged assessment system. Teachers translate required standards into learning goals for courses, projects, units, and lessons in language that students can understand and own. Teachers refer continually to learning targets during the lesson, check for understanding of learning targets, construct formative and summative assessments that match learning targets, and track students’ progress toward targets. Students demonstrate their ownership of their learning by articulating the connections between learning targets and the work of the lesson, and by showing evidence of their progress toward meeting them.